# Furniture & Fixtures

`furniture` places a piece of furniture or a built-in fixture into a plan. Every
catalogued kind draws a **real plan symbol** — a WC with a cistern and a seat, a bed
with a headboard and pillows, a wardrobe with hanging scallops — in the same drawing
vocabulary as the door arcs and window panes. Anything ArchLang doesn't know still
renders as a **labelled rectangle**, which is the escape hatch for a piece the
catalogue has no word for.

Where you put it matters to the [soundness checks](analysis.md): the linter knows a WC
should have its back to a wall, that a bath needs a wet fixture, and that a door leaf
should not sweep across a basin.

This page covers the placement modes, the symbol catalogue, how a symbol is oriented
and sized, the importable fixture library, and the lint rules that key off furniture.
The one-line grammar lives in the
[language reference](language-reference.md#furniture).

## Three placement modes

A piece is positioned **absolutely** by its top-left corner, **snapped against a
wall** so its back sits on the wall face, or **anchored inside a room**'s box. The two
non-absolute modes derive the piece's rotation for you.

| Mode | Grammar | You give | ArchLang derives |
|------|---------|----------|------------------|
| **Absolute** | `furniture <kind> at (x,y) size <w>x<h> [rotate 0\|90\|180\|270] [in <room>]` | corner, footprint, optional quarter-turn | nothing — what you write is what's drawn |
| **Against wall** | `furniture <kind> against wall <ref> [segment <n>] [offset <mm>] [side left\|right] [size <along>x<depth>] [in <room>]` | which wall, how far along, optionally a depth | the position **and** the rotation, from the wall — plus the **footprint**, if the kind has one and you omit `size` |
| **In a room** | `furniture <kind> in <room> centered\|anchor <a> [flush] [inset <mm>] size <w>x<h> [rotate …]` | which room, which corner/edge, footprint | the position from the room's box (or, with `flush`, from the backing wall's face), and — for a kind whose facing means something — the rotation from the wall the anchor names |

```arch static
# Absolute: a bed in the top-left, turned a quarter turn so its head is on the left wall.
furniture bed at (4300,300) size 1500x2000 rotate 90 in r_bed

# Against a wall: a 600-mm-deep counter run 1800 mm long, snapped to the north wall,
# starting 300 mm in from the wall's start, sitting on the interior (room) side.
furniture counter against wall north offset 300 side left size 1800x600 in r_kitchen

# Against a wall with NO size: the catalogued footprint is used (a fridge is 600 along
# the wall by 650 deep), so the only numbers left are the ones this plan chooses.
furniture fridge against wall w_west offset 400 in r_kitchen

# In a room: a WC on the bathroom's south edge — `rotate 180` (cistern to that wall) is
# derived, and `flush` puts its back on that wall's inner face (no thickness to work out).
furniture wc in r_bath anchor bottom flush size 400x700
```

- **`rotate`** turns the footprint a whole quarter-turn about its centre (`0`, `90`,
  `180`, or `270` — any other value is [`E_FURN_ROTATE`](error-codes.md)). It is
  exact integer geometry, so the output stays byte-stable.
- **`against wall <ref>`** snaps the piece's back onto a wall named by `id` or kind.
  - `segment <n>` selects which leg of a multi-point wall (0-based) to sit against.
  - `offset <mm>` slides the piece along that segment from its start.
  - `side left|right` picks which face of the wall to sit on (relative to the
    segment's direction); when you also give `in <room>`, the interior side is
    inferred for you.
  - `size` may be **omitted** for any kind with a catalogued footprint (the "Footprint"
    column below) — it is read as `along × depth`, along the wall and into the room.
    A kind with no footprint and no `size` is [`E_FURN_SIZE`](error-codes.md).
  - The rotation is **derived from the wall**, so combining `against` with an
    explicit `rotate` is an error ([`E_FURN_AGAINST`](error-codes.md)).
- **`in <room>`** records the owning room (by `id`). A trailing `in <room>` doesn't
  move the piece — it lets the linter check the piece is actually inside that room and
  lets `against` infer the interior side. A non-existent id is
  [`E_FURN_ROOM`](error-codes.md). The leading form (`in <room> centered\|anchor …`)
  both positions and owns the piece.
- **`flush` measures the inset from the wall FACE.** A room's rectangle runs along wall
  **centerlines**, so `anchor bottom` alone leaves the piece's back half a wall thickness
  inside the solid — which is why you would otherwise write `inset 100` for a 200-mm wall
  you never named ([`W_FURNITURE_WALL_COLLISION`](error-codes.md) if you forget). `flush`
  re-bases `inset` (default still `0`) onto the **inner face** of the wall behind each
  anchored edge — centerline + thickness / 2, toward the room — so `anchor bottom flush`
  lands on the plaster and `anchor bottom flush inset 50` sits 50 mm off it. It applies
  per edge and independently (a corner anchor can be flush on one edge only), an anchored
  edge with no wall behind it keeps the room-rectangle reference, and it needs an anchored
  edge at all: `centered` / `anchor center` is [`E_FURN_FLUSH`](error-codes.md). Write it
  **before** `inset`, whose reference it changes.
- **`anchor <edge>` also aims a piece.** An anchor names the wall(s) the piece is
  pushed against, so for a kind whose facing means something the quarter-turn is
  derived — no `rotate` to work out by hand. It is derived only when the answer is
  **unique** (ADR 0005): the anchored edge must have a wall behind it, and the
  footprint's aspect must allow that edge to be the back (a 400 × 700 WC is 400 *along*
  the wall and 700 *deep*, so it can only back onto a horizontal edge). `anchor
  bottom-left` in a walled corner therefore still has one answer for that WC, while a
  square 600 × 600 counter in the same corner has two — so nothing is derived and
  [`W_FIXTURE_BACK_TO_ROOM`](error-codes.md) asks you to pick. An explicit `rotate`
  always wins.

## The symbol catalogue

Eighty-three families, a hundred and twenty-nine names with the aliases, and **every one of
them draws**.
The tables below are grouped by the room the pieces belong to.

Three columns need a word of explanation:

- **Footprint** is the catalogued `along × depth` in millimetres — the size
  `against wall` uses when you omit `size`. A dash means the kind has none, so `size` is
  required there.
- **Facing** says what ArchLang will do about which way the piece points.
  **Derived** means the symbol has an unmistakable back — a cistern, a tap, a nosing, a
  headboard, a wardrobe's door line — so an anchor can derive the quarter-turn and
  [`W_FIXTURE_BACK_TO_ROOM`](error-codes.md) flags a piece against a wall that faces the
  wrong way. **Symmetric** means the symbol is drawn so that a quarter-turn changes
  nothing, so its facing carries no meaning and is neither derived nor checked.
  **Free** means the piece is *drawn* with a front but is arranged rather than installed
  — a sofa's back to the room is a room-divider layout, not a defect — so nothing is
  derived and nothing is warned about.
- **Wall** marks the kinds that carry `requiresWall`, which means **services** and
  nothing else: supply, waste, venting, or hanging off the wall by definition. Those are
  the kinds [`W_FIXTURE_FLOATING`](error-codes.md) applies to. A bookcase is not one of
  them — a library's stacks are free-standing runs mid-floor, which is what stacks are.

### Bath

| Kind (and aliases) | Symbol | Footprint | Facing | Wall |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| `wc` · `toilet` | cistern across the back with its lid lip and flush button, bowl and seat ring in front | 400 × 700 | derived | ✓ |
| `basin` · `lavatory` | vanity slab with an inset oval bowl, tap block, spout and drain — **two bowls** on a long enough slab | 600 × 450 | derived | ✓ |
| `shower` | tray with an inset rim, both diagonals across the inner tray, and a centre drain | 900 × 900 | symmetric | ✓ |
| `bathtub` · `tub` · `bath` | eased rim, an inset well, the tap at the head end and the waste on the centreline | 1700 × 700 | derived | ✓ |
| `bidet` | bowl with its rim, a small tap block at the back, the spout and the waste — a `wc` with no cistern | 400 × 700 | derived | ✓ |
| `urinal` | the back plate on the wall and a **half** bowl hanging off it, with its rim and waste | 400 × 350 | derived | ✓ |
| `mirror` | the glass, with five 45° reflection ticks across it | 900 × 50 | derived | ✓ |

The tub's rim is deliberately **uneven** — thicker at the tap end than at the foot — so
the drawing says which end you get in at. `lavatory` is the one alias that differs from
its head: it does **not** count as a wet fixture for
[`W_ROOM_NO_FIXTURE`](error-codes.md), which has always been true of it, while `basin`
does.

`urinal` is the only symbol in the catalogue drawn as **half** a shape, and that is the
honest plan of it: a wall-hung urinal has no back — the wall is its back — so the chord
across the top of the bowl *is* the wall face, and the symbol runs to the very edge of
its footprint where every other bath fixture leaves a margin.

`mirror` and `bidet` are both `requiresWall`, for the two different reasons that flag
covers. A bidet is plumbed. A mirror hangs off the wall by definition — the
`upper_cabinet` case, not the plumbing one. Neither carries a zone that would let it
stand in for a WC or a basin: `bidet` counts as a wet fixture, `mirror` deliberately does
not, because a mirror over a console table does not make a room a bathroom.

### Kitchen & utility

| Kind (and aliases) | Symbol | Footprint | Facing | Wall |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| `kitchen_sink` · `sink` | counter slab, **two** eased bowls each with a drain, and a tap with its spout at the back | 800 × 600 | derived | ✓ |
| `counter` · `worktop` | slab with a nosing line inside the front edge and one division tick per 600 mm base-cabinet module | 600 × 600 | derived | ✓ |
| `stove` · `hob` · `cooktop` | slab with four burners as concentric rings and the control rail across the front | 600 × 600 | derived | ✓ |
| `fridge` · `refrigerator` | carcass, the door face, the compartment split — **across the width or the depth, by aspect** — and the handle bar | 600 × 650 | derived | ✓ |
| `oven` | carcass, three control knobs on the back edge, and the door with its window and handle bar — **plus four burners when the footprint is wide enough to be a range** | — | free | |
| `dishwasher` | carcass, two basket lines across the tub, and the door leaf on the front with its control strip and handle | 600 × 600 | derived | ✓ |
| `island` | eased worktop, the seating overhang along the front with cabinet ticks under it, and — **by aspect** — a hob or a sink at one end | — | free | |
| `upper_cabinet` · `wall_cabinet` | carcass, one door split per 600 mm module and a hinge tick at each end, drawn **entirely dashed** | 600 × 350 | derived | ✓ |
| `washer` · `washing_machine` | carcass, the control panel across the back with two knobs, and the drum with a **white porthole** | 600 × 600 | derived | ✓ |
| `dryer` | the same carcass, with **three chords** across the drum where the washer has its porthole | 600 × 600 | derived | ✓ |
| `laundry_sink` · `laundry_tub` | slab with **one** deep double-rimmed bowl, its waste, and the tap block | 600 × 500 | derived | ✓ |
| `water_heater` · `boiler` | the cylinder in plan, its inner shell, and two pipe ticks running back to the wall | 600 × 600 | derived | ✓ |
| `range_hood` | the hood outline with a fan ring, four blade radials and a hub, drawn **entirely dashed** | 900 × 500 | derived | ✓ |
| `microwave` | carcass, the door window over the left three-quarters, and three buttons down the panel on the right | 500 × 400 | derived | |
| `bar_counter` | the worktop over the back of the footprint, the overhang line, and **one stool per ~1.2 counter-depths of run**, capped at eight | 1800 × 600 | derived | |

`washer` and `dryer` are the same box at the same size and stand side by side in most
utility rooms, so they are drawn to differ by *shape*: a glyph carries no text, so a
letter is not available to tell them apart even if it were good drafting.

`island` is free-standing **by definition** — that is what makes it an island — so it
needs no wall and has no single frontal clearance. It is *no longer* symmetric: the
symbol gained a seating overhang along one side, which is a distinguishable front, so the
catalog flag came off to keep the data true. Nothing observable changed with it — an
island still derives no rotation and still never trips
[`W_FIXTURE_BACK_TO_ROOM`](error-codes.md), because that needs `requiresWall` or
`directional` and an island is neither. Seating round it is a `stool`, a separate kind
with its own symbol; the stools drawn *inside* a `bar_counter` are a different piece with
a different footprint.

**Three symbols read their own footprint and draw a different appliance either side of a
threshold**, because the fixture word alone cannot tell them apart and inventing one
answer would be wrong for half the plans that use it. A `fridge` at aspect 1.4 or over
splits down its width (a side-by-side) and below it across its depth (a freezer drawer);
an `oven` at aspect 1.6 or over is a **range** and gains a hob; an `island` at aspect 1.8
or over takes a hob at one end rather than a sink. Give the piece an explicit `size` to
choose.

`range_hood` is the second symbol here drawn entirely dashed, and it makes the convention
the drawing's rather than one glyph's: **a dashed outline means a thing above the cut
plane** — `upper_cabinet`, `roof`, `void`, the outdoor `pergola` and a garage door's
projection all say the same. The two kitchen ones are told apart by what is inside: a
cabinet's door splits run edge to edge, a hood's fan is a ring about the centre.

### Bedroom

| Kind (and aliases) | Symbol | Footprint | Facing | Wall |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| `bed` | mattress, headboard band at the head, **one or two pillows**, and the turned-down sheet with its fold diagonal | 1500 × 2000 | derived | |
| `double_bed` | the same drawing — its wider footprint is what earns it the second pillow | 1800 × 2000 | derived | |
| `nightstand` · `bedside_table` | carcass and top, the **lamp standing in the back third**, and the drawer front with its handle on the room side | 450 × 400 | derived | |
| `wardrobe` · `robe` · `closet` | carcass, the hanging rail at mid-depth with its **clothes-hanger scallops**, and the centre door split | 1800 × 600 | derived | |
| `bunk_bed` | lower mattress with its pillow at the head, the upper bunk **dashed** over it, and the ladder rungs at the foot | 1000 × 2000 | derived | |
| `crib` · `cot` | carcass, the mattress inside it, and the **rail bars down both long faces** | 700 × 1300 | derived | |
| `dresser` · `chest_of_drawers` | carcass with the drawer band, its two splits and a handle in each of the three drawers, all on the room side | 1200 × 500 | derived | |
| `vanity` · `dressing_table` | top, the mirror band **dashed** across the wall side, and the stool in front of it | 1200 × 500 | derived | |

None of these carries `requiresWall` — a bed needs no pipe — but all four are
**directional**, because the symbol has a back worth turning toward a wall. That is what
lets `anchor top` derive `rotate 0` for a bed and put its headboard where you meant it.

The wardrobe's scallops **tile** the rail: their count comes from the carcass aspect and
the radius is then half a cell, so consecutive semicircles meet exactly, end to end, with
no gap and no overlap at any size.

### Living & dining

| Kind (and aliases) | Symbol | Footprint | Facing | Wall |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| `sofa` · `couch` | eased body, a back band along the rear edge, an arm at each end, and the cushion divisions between them | — | free | |
| `armchair` | eased body, a **true arc** for the curved back, and the seat cushion | — | free | |
| `coffee_table` | **rounded** top and inner edge, four legs, and a tray line across it once it is longer than 1.6 : 1 | — | symmetric | |
| `tv_unit` | carcass, the screen against the back edge, the shelf line, and the drawer bank with its handle on the room side | 1500 × 450 | derived | |
| `table` | **square** top and inset edge, four legs, and a board line **along** its length once it is longer than 1.6 : 1 | — | symmetric | |
| `dining_table` | the table inside a chair-zone band, **with the chairs drawn in it** | — | symmetric | |
| `chair` | seat, back band along the rear edge, the cushion, and an armrest each side once the seat is wide enough | — | free | |
| `stool` · `barstool` | a round seat with no back — **three concentric true circles** about the footprint centre | — | symmetric | |
| `bench` | slab with its slats running **lengthwise** along whichever axis is longer, and a support across each end | — | free | |
| `fireplace` | the chimney breast with the firebox opening cut into its **room** face and three flame ticks inside it | 1200 × 400 | derived | |
| `radiator` | a shallow slab with its fins ticked across the depth, at a clamped pitch | 1000 × 100 | derived | |
| `sideboard` · `buffet` | carcass and top, the door splits along the run, and one handle per door on the room edge | 1600 × 450 | derived | |
| `loveseat` · `sofa_2` | the `sofa` construction with its cushion count **pinned at two seats**, whatever the footprint | 1500 × 850 | free | |
| `chaise` | an eased body with a back down **one long side** and a raised head across the top | 1600 × 800 | free | |
| `tv` | the wall bracket with the screen panel hanging off it — **not** the `tv_unit`, which is a carcass | 1200 × 80 | derived | |
| `coat_rack` | the post as two concentric circles with four hooks at a 90° pitch round it | 400 × 400 | symmetric | |
| `shoe_cabinet` | slim carcass, the door splits, and a **tilt line** in each door leaning toward the room | 800 × 300 | derived | |
| `sofa_l` · `corner_sofa` | an L: the back run along the rear edge, the return down the **left**, cushions along both, and the fourth quadrant left as open floor | 2600 × 1600 | free | |
| `rug` · `carpet` | outer and inner borders with a fringe at each short end — the **only unfilled symbol** | — | symmetric | |
| `piano` · `grand_piano` | the keyboard across the back, the straight spine down the left, and the bent side sweeping round to the tail | — | free | |

`sofa`, `armchair`, `chair`, `bench`, `sofa_l`, `loveseat` and `chaise` are deliberately
**free**: seating is arranged, not installed, so ArchLang neither derives a rotation for them
nor warns when one faces the room. `tv_unit` is the exception in this group — it is directional (a media wall has
a front) but still carries no services, so floating one as a room divider raises nothing.

**A `loveseat` is a `sofa` with its cushion count pinned.** Both draw from one construction,
so the pair cannot drift apart; what separates them is the number of seats, which is the fact
the two words actually carry. A `sofa` reads its aspect and draws three cushions on a 1500 mm
footprint; a `loveseat` draws two on any footprint.

**A `tv` and a `tv_unit` are different kinds, not synonyms.** A media console is 450 mm deep
and a wall-mounted panel is 80, so a plan that draws the first where the second belongs has
taken 370 mm of walkway away. Both are `directional`, and the symbols differ: the console has a
carcass, drawer splits and a screen band at the back; the panel has a bracket and nothing else.

**`fireplace` and `radiator` are not `requiresWall`, and both are genuinely serviced.** That
flag means the piece cannot work without a wall *behind* it, and neither of these can be
flagged without warning on a normal drawing: a radiator is as often fed from the floor as from
the wall and lives under a window, and a free-standing stove in the middle of a room is a plan
someone drew on purpose. Both are `directional` instead, which is the claim the drawing can
back: a fireplace's opening faces the room, and a radiator's fins run from its back face to its
front.

**`sofa_l`'s return is always on the LEFT, and there is no right-handed twin — but
`place … mirror` now draws one.** A `sofa_l_r` category was rejected rather than forgotten:
it would put the fix in the vocabulary, where every future handed symbol would need its own
twin. So a reflecting instance frame hands the glyph its own chirality instead, in
`frame.ts` — the one place the handed rules are flipped — and the symbol is drawn as its own
mirror image. Turn it with `rotate` where a quarter-turn is what you want; reach for
`place … mirror` when you want the mirror-image piece.

**Handedness is DERIVED from the drawing, not declared per family.** Nineteen of the 83
shipped families have no vertical mirror axis (`bed`, `desk`, `bathtub`, `island`, `washer`,
`microwave`, `mirror`, `chaise`, `shoe_cabinet`, `reception_desk`, `piano`, `sofa_l`, `bbq`,
`shrub`, `bicycle`, `motorcycle`, `mailbox`, `ev_charger`, `double_bed`) at their catalogued
footprints. Handedness is a property of the drawing rather than of the family, though:
`counter`, `fridge`, `upper_cabinet`, `hedge` and `motorcycle` are handed at some footprints
and symmetric at others, because their detail is tiled and the tile count comes from the
aspect ratio — which a per-family flag simply cannot express. **A symbol that has a mirror
axis renders byte-identical whether its instance was reflected or not**, at every footprint;
see `src/elements/glyph-chirality.ts` and `test/glyph-chirality.test.ts`.

**Its footprint is the whole bounding rectangle, empty quadrant included**, which is what
every furniture rule measures — so a coffee table tucked inside the L raises
[`W_FURNITURE_OVERLAP`](error-codes.md) even though nothing touches. That is a known cost of
having one shape seam rather than five: teaching the overlap rule about the L and leaving the
clearance rule, the wall-collision rule and the two walkability grids on the box would make
the drawing and the lint disagree in a way nothing tests.

**A `piano` carries no footprint on purpose, so `furniture piano against wall <id>` is
[`E_FURN_SIZE`](error-codes.md).** That form derives the rotation from the wall under the
back-on-top rule, and a piano's back-on-top *is* its keyboard — so the one thing it could
derive is the one orientation a piano is never in. Place it with `at (x,y)` and a `rotate`,
which is how it goes on a drawing anyway.

### Office & misc

| Kind (and aliases) | Symbol | Footprint | Facing | Wall |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| `desk` | slab with the modesty panel across its back, the working edge stepped in, a **drawer pedestal** on the right and the cable grommet | — | free | |
| `office_chair` | round seat, a **true arc** back over it, and an armrest each side | — | free | |
| `bookshelf` · `bookcase` · `shelf` | carcass with its shelf bays ticked off along the run, read from the footprint's own long axis | 900 × 300 | derived | |
| `plant` · `planter` | pot as a true circle, foliage as a ring of eight radials at a 45° pitch | — | symmetric | |
| `car` | body, cabin, the two screens, and a wing mirror each side | — | free | |
| `sun_lounger` · `lounger` | eased body, the raised backrest at the head end, and four to six transverse slats | — | free | |
| `meeting_table` | a long eased top inside a chair band, with the chairs drawn as **rings** — the `dining_table` rule, in swivel chairs | 2400 × 1200 | symmetric | |
| `reception_desk` | an **L** counter — a run along the back with a return down the left — its two nosings, and the chair inside the L | 2400 × 900 | derived | |
| `filing_cabinet` | narrow carcass and top, three drawer lines across it, and the pull on the front edge | 450 × 600 | derived | |
| `locker` | a run of narrow doors at a clamped count, each with a vent tick on the room face | 1200 × 450 | derived | |
| `pool_table` | eased frame, the cloth inside it, and **six pockets** — four at the corners, two on the long rails | 2500 × 1400 | symmetric | |
| `treadmill` | frame, the console band at the wall end, the belt, and the two side rails | 800 × 1800 | derived | |

A `sun_lounger` is aimed at the sun, and ArchLang has no sun model — the `site` layer names an
aspect, not a daylight measurement — so nothing here derives which way it points and nothing
warns about it. Say so with `rotate`.

The six commercial kinds take the drawing out of a house. Two things about them are decided
rather than obvious. **`meeting_table` follows `dining_table`'s rule that the footprint includes
its chairs** — the dimension a plan needs to check is the one you cannot pull a chair out of —
so a 2400 mm table is authored as roughly 3000 mm of footprint; it is drawn with an eased top
and ring seats, which is what tells it from the square-topped dining table at a glance. And
**`treadmill` carries the largest `clearanceMm` in the catalogue, 900 mm**, because the run-off
space behind a user is the one thing a gym plan can be wrong about in a way that matters;
`dresser`, `vanity` and `filing_cabinet` carry 600, for a drawer or a chair.

`car` earns its place for the same reason `bench` does: it is drawn on real plans (a
carport, a driveway, a garage) and a model asked for one will write the word whether or
not the catalogue knows it. Its long axis is the driving direction, drawn top-to-bottom
like every other symbol's depth, so `rotate 90` parks it across a garage.

### Outdoor

Twenty-one families for what a site plan draws once the drawing leaves the building. They
live in their own module (`src/elements/glyphs-outdoor.ts`) and follow one rule the indoor
tables do not: **planting is drawn unfilled**, because a canopy overhangs ground — a path, a
terrace, a parking bay — that has to keep reading through it.

| Kind (and aliases) | Symbol | Footprint | Facing | Wall |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| `tree` · `deciduous_tree` | softly scalloped canopy over the crown ring and the trunk, **unfilled** | — | symmetric | |
| `conifer` · `pine` | the same canopy with the notches cut deeper, so it reads as needled | — | symmetric | |
| `shrub` · `bush` | a lumpy cloud of eight overlapping lobes, **unfilled**, with three short interior arcs for foliage | — | symmetric | |
| `hedge` | a scalloped band — a chain of overlapping arcs down **both** faces, a half-scallop closing each end, one dashed centreline, and **no box** | 2000 × 600 | free | |
| `bbq` · `grill` · `barbecue` | the body with a **cross** grid of grill bars, the side shelf down the right, and two wheels on the front edge | 1200 × 600 | derived | |
| `outdoor_table` · `patio_table` | round or eased-rectangular top with four chairs hugging the footprint edges | — | symmetric | |
| `outdoor_chair` · `patio_chair` | the `chair` construction — seat, back band, inset cushion — with **slats** across the back and an armrest each side | — | free | |
| `umbrella` · `parasol` | an eight-segment canopy with the pole at the centre | — | symmetric | |
| `bicycle` · `bike` | two wheels at a quarter and three quarters of the run, the four-tube **diamond frame** between them, the saddle and the bars | — | free | |
| `motorcycle` | the two wheels with the body slung between them | — | free | |
| `hot_tub` · `spa` | the shell, the water inside it, and the four seats round the rim | — | symmetric | |
| `swing` · `swing_set` | the beam down the long axis, a leg at each end, and two seats | — | free | |
| `trampoline` | the frame, the mat, and twelve springs across the narrow band between them | — | symmetric | |
| `bin` · `wheelie_bin` | the body, the lid line at the hinged edge, and the two wheels under it | 600 × 700 | derived | |
| `mailbox` · `letterbox` | the box with its flap, and the flag beside it | 400 × 300 | derived | |
| `ev_charger` | the pedestal against the back edge with the cable — a **true arc** — hanging off it | 400 × 300 | derived | |
| `pergola` | the overhead frame on four posts, drawn **entirely dashed** and unfilled | — | symmetric | |
| `sandpit` · `sandbox` | the eased kerb with five stipple dots for sand | — | symmetric | |
| `fire_pit` | the rim, the bowl, and a four-lobed flame inside it | — | symmetric | |
| `shed` · `garden_shed` | the carcass, a **dashed** roof ridge, and the door tick on the front | 2400 × 1800 | derived | |
| `clothesline` · `washing_line` | a post at each end of the run with three lines strung between | — | free | |

**Nothing out here carries `requiresWall`, and that is a decision.** The flag means services —
supply, waste, venting, or hanging off a wall by definition — and
[`W_FIXTURE_FLOATING`](error-codes.md)'s own remedy line says "supply/waste/venting runs in the
wall". Two kinds tempt you to set it anyway and both are wrong: a `hot_tub` is genuinely plumbed
and is still set *down* on a deck and fed from below, so a tub in the middle of a terrace is the
normal arrangement; an `ev_charger` is genuinely wired and is as often on a free-standing bollard
as on a wall. Outdoors the wall is the exception.

**`bbq` is the only outdoor kind with a frontal clearance** (900 mm — the standing room a cook
needs at an open grill). The hot tub deliberately has none: it is symmetric, so it has no front
to measure one from. The barbecue's back is the **top** edge, this module's convention — the
shelf is on the right and the wheels are on the bottom, so the top is the edge clear of both
and the one that goes against a wall or fence.

Three of the outdoor symbols are drawn from **arcs alone**, with no closed shape to fill:
`shrub` and `hedge` (planting reads through, and a box around a hedge makes it read as a tray),
and the outer half of every lobe only — a face scallop draws 120° of its circle, not the whole
thing, or the run reads as a chain of overlapping rings.

Three of them are drawn **dashed**, and it is the same convention every time — *above the cut
plane*, the rule `upper_cabinet` follows indoors and the one `roof` and `void` ship: the whole
`pergola` outline, and the `shed`'s roof ridge.

The five `directional` kinds (`bbq`, `bin`, `mailbox`, `ev_charger`, `shed`) are the ones you
would write `against wall` or `anchor` about, and they are also the five that carry a footprint —
so `furniture shed against wall fence` needs no `size`. `outdoor_chair` is deliberately **free**,
for the reason every other seat in the catalogue is: seating is arranged, not installed.

### What changed in v1.32

Twenty-six families were added — eight in Bath and Kitchen & utility, eighteen across Bedroom,
Living & dining and Office & misc — and **fourteen symbols that already existed were redrawn**.
Each of the fourteen still read as a rectangle with a line in it, which at plan scale is not a
drawing of anything; several were not even distinguishable from each other (`coffee_table` and
`table` differed only by a corner radius of 0.12 against 0.08 on the same two primitives, and
`washer` and `dryer` were the same box at the same size).

The primitive counts below are measured, not estimated, at three footprints — 900 × 900,
2400 × 700 and 1800 × 600 — because several symbols read their own aspect and draw a different
piece of equipment either side of a threshold rather than inventing one answer that is wrong for
half the plans.

| Kind | Primitives (main → v1.32) | What it gained |
|---|---|---|
| `island` | 2 → 7 / 9 | an eased worktop, a seating overhang with cabinet ticks under it, and **by aspect** either a hob or a sink bowl |
| `upper_cabinet` | 2 → 3 / 5 / 6 | a door split per 600 mm module and a hinge tick at each end of the back edge — a dashed empty rectangle is a `void`, this is cabinetry |
| `dishwasher` | 3 → 7 | two basket lines across the tub, and a door leaf with its control strip and handle |
| `oven` | 4 → 8 / 12 | three knobs, a door seam, a window and a handle bar; **at aspect 1.6 or over it is a range** and gains four burners |
| `fridge` | 4 → 5 | a door face line, a handle bar, and a compartment split placed by aspect — down the width of a side-by-side, across the depth of an upright |
| `washer` | 4 → 7 | a control panel with two knobs and a white porthole at the drum's centre, so it is no longer `dryer`'s box |
| `coffee_table` | 2 → 6 / 7 | legs and a lower shelf |
| `table` | 2 → 6 / 7 | legs and supports, and a leaf seam on a long enough top |
| `stool` | 2 → 3 | a **concentric** third circle — a ring of foot dots would map onto itself under a quarter-turn and move the bytes for a drawing nobody can tell apart |
| `bench` | 3 → 7 / 8 | slats and legs |
| `chair` | 3 → 5 | a seat, a back and armrests |
| `tv_unit` | 3 → 6 | drawer splits and a plinth |
| `nightstand` | 3 → 6 | a drawer split and a pull |
| `desk` | 3 → 7 | a pedestal with drawer splits, and a modesty panel |

Every one of them is **structural detail rather than decoration** — what the piece is made of and
how it is used, not a texture — which is the only kind of line that survives being printed at
1:50. The redraw moves bytes on eighteen of the shipped example drawings and moves nothing else:
`describe()` and `lint()` are SHA-256 identical on all thirty, and the changed lines all sit on
`A-FURN` or on the `A-ANNO` legend swatches that are drawn from the same symbols.

## How a symbol is drawn

**Back on top.** Every symbol is drawn with the side that goes against a wall along the
**top** edge of its footprint, then quarter-turned about the footprint centre. So
`rotate 0` faces the back **north**, `90` east, `180` south, `270` west. Orient by the
wall the piece sits against, or let **`against wall`** / **`in <room> anchor <edge>`**
do it for you.

**A drawn symbol ignores its `label`.** A `label` reaches the drawing only through the
labelled-rectangle fallback — that is, only for a kind the catalogue does **not** know.
Writing `furniture bed … label "Bed"` is harmless but inert: the word stays in the source
and in `arch describe --json`, and no text appears in the SVG. The fallback is the escape
hatch, and it is deliberate: an uncatalogued word (`furniture hammock at … label "Hammock"`)
still draws a rectangle with its name in it, which is how you annotate something ArchLang
has no symbol for.

**A `rug` is an UNDERLAY, and it is the only kind that is.** An underlay lies flat on the
floor: furniture stands on it and people walk over it. Four rules read that one fact, and
every one of them declines a check rather than adding one.

- **It is drawn with no fill at all** — the only symbol in the catalogue that is. That is not
  a style choice: if it filled, a `rug` written *after* the sofa standing on it would paint
  over the sofa, and the same plan with the two lines swapped would look right. With nothing
  to paint over, there is no source order to get wrong.
- **A piece standing on it is not an overlap.** `W_FURNITURE_OVERLAP` skips an
  underlay-and-not-an-underlay pair. Two rugs overlapping *each other* still warn — one rug
  half over another is a drawing mistake, and nothing about walking on them says otherwise.
- **It never blocks a fixture's use-space.** A rug reaching under the basin is not what
  `W_FURN_CLEARANCE` is about; you stand on it.
- **It never blocks a route.** Both walkability models — the whole-plan circulation grid
  behind `arch describe --json`'s `circulation` block and the per-room flood fill behind
  `W_ROOM_NO_CLEAR_PATH` — drop it before they inflate anything by a body radius, so a rug
  across the only way into a room does not seal that room off.

[`W_FURNITURE_WALL_COLLISION`](error-codes.md) deliberately still applies: what you can walk
on has no bearing on whether it is drawn inside the plaster. The **door** rules
(`W_SWING_OBSTRUCTED`, `W_DOORWAY_BLOCKED`) do not yet know about underlays either, so a rug
in a doorway is still reported today.

**Two symbols read their own footprint and change what they draw.** Neither branch looks
at the category word, because the shape is the honest datum:

- **`basin`** draws **two** bowls, at the quarter points, once the slab is at least
  **2.2** times as wide as it is deep — the vanity convention. Below that it draws one,
  centred.
- **`bed`** / `double_bed` draw **two** pillows once the mattress aspect (`w / h`)
  reaches **0.6**, and one below it. On a 2000-long bed that falls at exactly the
  conventional 1200 mm single/double split, so `furniture bed … size 1500x2000` draws the
  double it plainly is and a `double_bed` squeezed to 900 draws the single it has become.

**A dashed outline means ABOVE THE CUT PLANE, and three fixture symbols use it.** A floor plan
is a horizontal section, so anything that sits above the cut is drawn dashed — present, but not
cut — and unfilled, so whatever it overhangs still reads through it. `upper_cabinet` is dashed
in its entirety because a wall cabinet hangs above the counter; a `bunk_bed`'s **upper deck** is
dashed for the same reason, and drawing it solid would claim the room has two mattresses of
floor area; a `vanity`'s **mirror band** is dashed because the mirror stands on the table. It is
the same convention `roof`, `void` and the outdoor `pergola` and `shed` ridge follow, through
one shared `dashedPattern()` helper. There is no syntax for saying "draw this piece above the
cut plane" — a kind is dashed because of what it is.

**`dining_table`'s footprint includes its chairs.** `furniture dining_table … size WxH`
declares the whole **eating zone**: the table is the inner rectangle inside a chair-zone
band, and the seats are drawn in that band. That is the dimension a plan needs to check —
a table you cannot pull a chair out of is not a table that fits — so a 1200 mm table is
authored as roughly 2400 mm of footprint. The seat count comes from the aspect, plus one
at each short end when the table is under 2:1 (a square table seats its ends; a refectory
bench does not).

**The ASCII plan shows none of this.** `arch compile -f txt` (and `arch preview --ascii`)
reduces each piece to a **single uppercase letter** at its centre — the first letter of
its category — because a character grid has no room for a symbol. The CLI turns on the
`annotate` metadata the text backend needs to recover a category, so this works out of the
box; a *library* caller passing a Scene built without `compile(src, { annotate: true })`
gets no marker at all for a drawn piece.

## Sizes: catalogued footprints and the fixture library

The **Footprint** column above is what `against wall` uses when you omit `size`, so the
common case has no numbers in it at all:

```arch static
furniture fridge       against wall w_west offset 400  in r_kitchen
furniture stove        against wall w_west offset 1200 in r_kitchen
furniture kitchen_sink against wall w_west offset 2000 in r_kitchen
```

The other placement modes always need an explicit `size` — an `at (x,y)` or `in <room>`
piece has no wall to tell `along` from `depth`, so there is no unique answer to derive
([`E_FURN_SIZE`](error-codes.md)).

Two importable libraries package the standard pieces at typical residential sizes, for
when you would rather call a component than write a footprint:

```arch static
import "lib/fixtures.arch": wc, basin, shower, bathtub, kitchen_sink, counter, fridge
import "lib/furniture.arch": bed, double_bed, sofa, desk, wardrobe

wc(6200, 4600)
basin(5200, 4450)
shower(6000, 5000)
```

| Library | Components |
|---------|------------|
| `lib/fixtures.arch` | `wc` 400 × 700 · `basin` 600 × 450 · `shower` 900 × 900 · `bathtub` 1700 × 700 · `kitchen_sink` 800 × 600 · `counter` 600 × 600 · `fridge` 600 × 650 |
| `lib/furniture.arch` | `bed` 1500 × 2000 · `double_bed` 1800 × 2000 · `nightstand` 450 × 400 · `wardrobe` 1800 × 600 · `sofa` 2000 × 900 · `sofa_l` 2600 × 1600 · `rug` 2000 × 1400 · `armchair` 900 × 850 · `coffee_table` 1100 × 600 · `tv_unit` 1500 × 450 · `dining_table` 2400 × 2000 · `desk` 1400 × 700 · `bookshelf` 900 × 300 · `piano` 1500 × 1500 · `sun_lounger` 700 × 1900 · `stove` 600 × 600 · `washer` 600 × 600 |

Imports need a filesystem, so they work from the CLI and the library but not in the
browser playground — the flagship `examples/studio.arch` uses inline `furniture` for
exactly this reason. `examples/furnished-flat.arch` is the worked example: a two-bedroom
flat furnished with twenty-nine of the thirty-six kinds across all five domains,
`arch validate --strict` clean.

## Furniture-aware lint rules

Placing fixtures meaningfully lets `arch lint` reason about habitability. The
furniture and fixture rules (each documented in the [error catalog](error-codes.md)):

| Code | Flags |
|------|-------|
| `W_FIXTURE_FLOATING` | a **services** fixture — plumbed, vented, or hung off the wall (WC, basin, shower, bath, sink, counter, stove, fridge, dishwasher, washer, dryer, upper cabinet) — placed away from any wall |
| `W_FIXTURE_BACK_TO_ROOM` | a piece that *is* against a wall but faces the wrong way — its back (cistern, tap, nosing, headboard, wardrobe door line, bookshelf's open face) turned to the room. Carries a `rotate` fix when one edge is unambiguously the back. Arranged seating never trips it |
| `W_FIXTURE_WRONG_ROOM` | a piece declared `in <room>` whose **footprint** does not sit on that room's floor (100 mm of overhang is allowed — a room edge is a wall centreline) |
| `W_FURNITURE_OVERLAP` | two pieces overlapping by more than 1 mm on both axes — **except** an underlay and a piece standing on it (a sofa on a rug), which is the arrangement |
| `W_FURN_CLEARANCE` | a fixture's frontal use-space blocked by free-standing furniture (an underlay never counts as the blocker) |
| `W_ROOM_NO_FIXTURE` | a bath / WC / kitchen room with none of the relevant fixtures |
| `W_SWING_OBSTRUCTED` | a door leaf or swing arc sweeping onto a fixture |

These are **advisory** — facts and warnings, never an auto-arranger (see
[ADR 0005](adr/0005-no-invisible-architect.md)). See
[Analysis: describe & lint](analysis.md) for the full rule set and profiles.